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Volume 39 (1984), 5

State - Filozofia a metodológia vied

Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 551-559.
Abstrakt
The paper is concerned with the analysis of the dialectical relation of form and content in the process of formalization of scientific cognition. The basic idea presupposes that the relation of content and form in scientific knowledge cannot be reduced to the relation of natural and formal languages, i. e. to the linear relation “the object — the natural language —… Čítať ďalej
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Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 560-573.
Abstrakt
The author analyzes models in connection with the misinterpreted theory of mesomerism and resonance which are substantially modelling those aspects of reality that have key-position in the chemical cognition of matter. In the incorrect evaluations of both theories the structural paiits of a modelled object, i. e. the creating of the real from the non-real, are… Čítať ďalej
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Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 574-585.
Abstrakt
In the paper the axiomatic and semantic representation of a conception of the fuzzy logic is given. The invalidity of some «1 as steal principles for this logic, especially of the rule of Jhje conditional modus ponens, is the cause that the given axiomatization comprises the rules of various metalanguage levels and it is, therefore, not Hilbertian axiomatization.… Čítať ďalej
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Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 586-595.
Abstrakt
Exactitude of the scientific method cannot be identified either with the empirical methods or with the experiment in science. It is characterized by complicated procedures of formalization and it forms the method out of the algorithm. Exactitude is not given for ever but it changes under the influence of discovery of deeper levels of substance as true scientific… Čítať ďalej
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Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 596-609.
Abstrakt
In the ipaiper the views of I. Lakatos, his relation to the inductive logic, to Popper’s falsificationism, are analyzed. His efforts to develop falsificationism, his conception of the relation of theory and experience and his conception of the relation of philosophy and historiography of science are critically valued.
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Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 610-622.
Abstrakt
The positivist conception of predicting cannot be considered exhaustively satisfactory It reduces procedures of predicting to a method of deduction and relevant relations of the object to a simple series of laws and statements on conditions of their functioning. The conception takes .no account of many internal and external determinants which modify the character of… Čítať ďalej
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Filozofia, 39 (1984), 5, 623-633.
Abstrakt
The process of formalization in various scientific disciplines is developing in different ways and in different intensity. Between modelling and formalization there exists a substantial connection. Modelling, however, does not exhaust itself entirely in formalized knowledge since it forms a relatively independent system. The most authors consider the sphere of the… Čítať ďalej
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