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The paper focuses on the Enlightenment as an important object of the German tradition of philosophical-cultural researches and debates. It starts with an analysis of Kant’s model of Aufklärung, underlining its social dimension. In Hegel’s conception of the Enlightenment, the problem is approached critically and included in the process of the phenomenological-philosophical-historical development of mind. Hegel, unlike Kant, is historicizing, and thus narrowing the term of the enlightenment itself. In conclusion the author asks the question: Is it reasonable to see the real nature of the Enlightenment only in its fighting against mistakes, superstitions and prejudices?